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Napoleon's Buttons
Author:Penny Le Couteur & Jay Burreson ⓘ

Became Dean of Arts and Sciences at Capilano College, Canada, in 2003.

Napoleon's Buttons
Napoleon's Buttons

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    A tiny change in a molecule's structure can bring enormous consequences.
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    Who is this book for?

    • Readers who love history and know a little chemistry
    • Teachers and students who want to make chemistry class interesting
    • People curious about how commodities such as spices, sugar, cotton and rubber changed the world
    • Readers who like stories where "a small thing changed history"

    Who is the author?

    • Penny Le Couteur, born in 1942 in Auckland, New Zealand, earned a PhD in chemistry at the University of California, Santa Barbara, taught chemistry at Capilano College in Canada for more than thirty years, and won a chemistry teaching award
    • Jay Burreson holds a PhD in chemistry, worked as an industrial chemist, and received a National Institutes of Health grant to research marine compounds
    • The book was published in 2003

    Book notes

    Starting with a button

    The book's title comes from an intriguing historical hypothesis. In 1812 Napoleon led an army of six hundred thousand into Russia and by the retreat fewer than ten thousand remained. Some have speculated that the buttons on the soldiers' uniforms were made of tin, and that tin gradually becomes brittle and crumbles at low temperatures; as the buttons failed one by one, soldiers in the bitter cold could not even keep their clothes fastened. The authors admit frankly that this claim has not been proven, but it captures the book's main point: a tiny change in a molecule can bring enormous consequences. The book also opens with a simple chemistry primer, explaining how the different position of a group of atoms can make a molecule's properties completely different.

    A history written in molecules

    Pepper: the spice that could buy freedom

    Nutmeg and cloves: trading Manhattan for a small island

    Vitamin C: the molecule that decided naval power

    Glucose: slavery behind sweetness

    Cellulose: cotton and the Civil War

    Nitro compounds: explosives and fertilizer

    Silk, nylon and phenol

    Rubber: from rainforest to war

    Dyes and drugs: an accidental discovery

    The pill: a social revolution

    Alkaloids and witch hunts

    Opium, tea and war

    Olive oil, salt and civilization

    Chlorine compounds and unintended consequences

    Reception and limitations

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